Soak the chickpeas: Cover the dried chickpeas with plenty of cold water and soak for 12–24 hours. Drain and rinse thoroughly. Do not cook them.
Prepare the mixture: Add the chickpeas, parsley, cilantro, onion, garlic, cumin, coriander, salt, and black pepper to a food processor.
Pulse until coarse: Process until the mixture resembles coarse sand and holds together when pressed. Avoid turning it into a smooth paste.
Add the baking powder: Mix it into the falafel mixture. If the mixture seems too wet or does not hold together, add chickpea flour a tablespoon at a time.
Chill: Cover and refrigerate for 30–60 minutes to help the mixture firm up.
Shape the falafel: Form the mixture into small balls or patties, pressing firmly so they hold their shape.
Heat the oil: Heat about 2 inches of vegetable oil in a heavy-bottomed pot to 350–360°F (175–182°C).
Fry in batches: Cook the falafel for approximately 3–5 minutes, turning as needed, until golden brown and cooked through. Avoid overcrowding the pot.
Drain and serve: Transfer to a wire rack to keep the bottoms crisp. Serve hot with hummus, tahini sauce, pita, or a grain bowl.